Technical Founder Articles
Browse founder-led technical articles on AI engineering, agentic AI systems, technical product development & AI governance.
AI Cost Optimization and LLM Unit Economics: How to Calculate the True Cost of an AI Request
Model inference, cached input, retrieval, tool calls, retries, and observability — a practical framework for cost per successful task, model routing, usage distribution, monetization, and margin at scale.
Prompt Injection Is a System Risk: How to Design Layered Controls for AI Agents
Prompt injection is not just a prompt problem. Seven layers of controls for AI agents — input, retrieval, tool access, workflow, output, human approval, and logging — plus a practical control checklist.
How to Evaluate a RAG System Beyond the Final Answer
A RAG evaluation framework across six layers — query understanding, retrieval quality, context quality, generation quality, groundedness and citations, and production monitoring.
How We Built a Governed Conversational Analytics Multi-Agent System
Inside a governed conversational analytics system: intake vs orchestrator, metric governance, three-layer SQL validation, data-quality gates, analytical routing, and the trade-offs that took answer quality from 60% to 85%.
AI Guardrails Explained: Where Controls Sit in a Production AI Workflow
Guardrails are not one filter. A field guide to pre-model, workflow, and post-model controls, guardrails by system type (RAG, agents, multi-agent), failure patterns, and a practical control design template.
Human Oversight in AI Systems: How to Design Approval Gates, Overrides, and Audit Logs
Where does the human sit in the AI workflow, what decision do they control, and what evidence proves it? Human-in-the-loop vs on-the-loop, approval gates, overrides, audit logs, and a practical control template.
Building a Production-Ready Multi-Agent Workflow Across 9 AI Engineering Layers
Multi-agent systems fail across nine engineering layers. A field guide to tracing failures upstream — from the application layer down to security and access controls.
Which Type of AI Governance Consultant Are You Becoming?
AI governance is not one job. Seven career lanes — from compliance and strategy to technical translation, risk & assurance, security, ethics, and innovation.
Everything You Need to Build a Tech Startup
A founder's field guide — problem, user, value proposition, MVP, architecture, data, business model, go-to-market, feedback loop, launch, and team.